Friday, April 7, 2017

New Testament - Manuscripts - Fail under reliability Test

by 
JESUS CHRIST the Hero of the Gospel tales  are the World\s Highly spent for advertising and spreading the stories. As per Biblical tales, Jesus lived in the first Century in Israel when Rome was ruling and tried to organise a movement as calling him "King of Jews"(Christ), he was arrested and executed by Roman Governor. 
  
All stories and information about Jesus comes from only Source is "Stories of New Testament Gospels", and as per Biblical Scholars they were composed 2 to 4 generations later than death of Jesus from Word- by- mouth stories with highly embellished tales. 
We need to analyse the trust worthiness available Manuscripts of New Testament.
THE Churches say there are 25000 Manuscripts around 19000 Latin, 5000 Greek and 2000 in Syrian and Coptic Languages. Complete single book out of 27 NT Book Manuscripts starts from end of 3rd century only. Few scrape bits from 2nd century are available. 
Apologist say by putting 3 tests Trust worthiness can be checked.We apply the same in depth and truly
1.  BIBILOGRAPHICAL TEST : Oldest 
 Most of the Historical Person and Kings, the relevant manuscript is atleast 500 to 1000 years later than the death of the King, but Historians accept it, where as the NT Manuscripts are just 100 years from his life and if we take two Scrape bits- which are said to be bits from 4th Gospel- they are around 30-40 years from composing. So it is reliable.
Apologists say that the Manuscripts have very little mistakes and hence reliability is good by quoting another such Apologetical view. Let us analyse that first.
The link gives many list but most of them are small fragments till late 6th or early 7th century. These does not support in any way reliable transmission.
Oldest Fragnent Manuscript  John Rylands Library
A Size of Debit cord and torn out in to vertical bits.

The John Rylands Library states "The first editor dated the Fragment to the first half of the second century (between 100–150 AD). The date was estimated palaeographically, by comparing the handwriting with other manuscripts. However, palaeography is not an exact science – none of the comparable Biblical manuscripts are dated and most papyri bearing a secure date are administrative documents. Recent research points to a date nearer to 200 AD, but there is as yet no convincing evidence that any earlier fragments from the New Testament survive.

Papyrus 90  -https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papyrus_90 

Papyrus 90 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), designated by 90, is a small fragment from the Gospel of John 18:36-19:7 dating palaeographically to the late 2nd century.

Papyrus 104  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papyrus_104


This papyrus ranks among the earliest surviving texts of Matthew. It consists of six verses from the Gospel of Matthew, in a fragmentary condition, and is dated late 2nd century.
A total of 110 legible letters are visible on the recto side of the fragment, representing 18 out of the 24 letters of the Greek Alphabet; zeta, theta, xi, phi, chi, and psi being missing. "The scribe uses rough breathings, but no other lectional feature or punctuation is found".[5] The hand is 'early', i.e., before c. 250. It is very carefully written, with extensive use of serifs.
This verse thus belongs to the so-called Western non-interpolations, making 104 the earliest witness to the interpolated nature of this verse.//

TO SAY THESE SCRAP BITS As proofs need no arguement, and to take that these which do not have a complete full verse or even a line in full, itself is Just Argument of Convenience. This may could be a prepared text for Sunday Sermon also. 

WHAT SCHOLARS SAY:
We can proceed with what One of the Greatest authority of New Testament History and early Christianity says- Dr.Helmet Koester of Hardward University Divinity School- He says that Manuscripts reached its shape in end of 2nd Century and whether it is oldest script or medival period, does not alter this position; it is videly accepted that Matthew and Luke used the Gosple of Mark, but if you Extract the same from these two - it does not tally with present form of Mark, i.e., an ear7lier version and Dr.Koestor clearly says maximum changes and corruptions took place in the first few decades than later. Most Respected authorities on Manuscripts reading say there are more than 4,00,000 variations and changes- and that there are two different words for every word.
We always prefer to look at the Gospel tale verses themselves as to how the authors themselves have made changes.
Mark is the earliest dated around 70- 80CE. All other three gospel story writers have used Mark and further developed from other sources and their own ideas.
LET US SEE FEW - important Biographical verses.
Mark 6:3 Vs Matthew 13:55 Vs Luke 4:22
Mark 6:3 Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary and brother of James and Joses and Judas and Simon? And are not his sisters here with us?” And they took offense at him.
Matthew 13:55  "Is this not the carpenter's son? Isn't His mother's name Maryand aren't His brothers JamesJoseph, Simon, and Judas?
Luke 4:22  And all spoke well of him and marveled at the gracious words that were coming from his mouth. And they said, “Is not this Joseph’s son?”
Mark 6:5  Vs Matthew 13::58 
Mark 6:5 And he could do no mighty work there, except that he laid his hands on a few sick people and healed them.6And amazed at their unbelief,
Matthew 13::58 And he did not do many mighty works there, because of their unbelief.
Mark version says Jesus could not- Matthew changes did not try and Luke left it. 
Jesus & Syro-Phoenician Girl -Luke no mention

Matthew 15:21-28 & 

Mark 7:24-29 has Jesus acting racially against a Greek speaking Syro-Phoenician Girl, saying Jesus was "sent only for the Lost Sheep of Israel and not for others"- later "Children food can not be given to Dogs" clearly showing his RACIAL NATURE- that all NON-JEWS are Dogs on face of a Girl, when the girl accept that let her be helped as a dog eating the small crumbles falling from eating Children mouth- and JESUS the RACIST said "for this Reply your daughter would be cured"
Luke left this miracle story and why - as per a Scholar's book(with nihil obstat and imprimatur)  //As a Gentile, Luke found the Story of Syro Phonician Women (and especially the remarks about Dogs) offensive in Mark7:-30 and therefore left it out. //  Companion to Bible, Vol-2 NewTestament P-30,Author K.Luke,Theological Publication of India, Bangalore.
Many such can be said- the gospel story authors changed many things with in few years when they developed their own. 
2. INTERNAL EVIDENCE TEST : “One must to the claims of the document under analysis, and not assume fraud or error unless the author disqualified himself by contradictions or known factual inaccuracies”. John W. Montegomery
 The Length of Jesus ministry - as per Mark is around 7- 8 months and except for his first visit to get Baptism of Repentance of Sin and his final week for Killing Goat as Passover sacrifice at the only place where the local god of Israel is present. 4th Gospel gives a different tale, Jesus ministry is said to have lasted little more than 2 years and his last 8 months were in Judea, as he was present for all 3 Jewish myth festivals, and what Schoalr says 

 If we had only Mark’s Gospel we should infer that Jesus ministry was located in Galilee with one first and final visit to Jerusalem, and that the Galilean ministry began after John the Baptist was imprisoned.
The IVth Gospel takes a different view. Here the scene shifts backwards and forwards between Galilee and Judea during the first 6 chapters. From Chapter-7 onwards the scene is laid wholly in Judea and Jerusalem. Moreover, St.John explicitly states that Jesus was active in Judea and Jerusalem before the Baptist was imprisoned, for John was not yet cast in Prison (Jn 3:24).  - Page-45, Words and Works of Jesus, A.M.Hunter.
“Where as Synoptic   record most of Jesus ministry is located in Galilee,John place most of it in Jerusalem and its neighbourhood.” – Page-27 – THE REAL JESUS. 
Why this change- Politically lot is involved, Judea was under direct rule of Roman Governor. 

Luke 16:10 “One who is faithful in a very little is also faithful in much, and one who is dishonest in a very little is also dishonest in much

The gospel story authors did not know or  did not have proper Eye witness accounts or they Changed it to suit to their requirementThe Authors give contradicting tales- now we are not sure what was the length of his ministry or where Jesus movement was. 

3. EXTERNAL EVIDENCE TEST:
Entire Gosepl tales revolve around Israel, so let us analyse it with Archaeology and Historical details of Israel.
JESUS IN NAZARETH AND People neglect him(Mt 13:53 – 58; Mk 6:1 – 6)

Luke 4:16 And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up. And as was his custom, he went to the synagogue on the Sabbath day, and he stood up to read. 

28 When they heard these things, all in the synagogue were filled with wrath. 29 And they rose up and drove him out of the City and brought him to the brow of the hill on which their City was built, so that they could throw him down the cliff. 30 But passing through their midst, he went away.  

 Nazareth is not mentioned in pre-Christian texts and appears in many different Greek forms in the New Testament. There is no consensus regarding the origin of the name.
James F. Strange, an American archaeologist, notes: “Nazareth is not mentioned in ancient Jewish sources earlier than the third century AD. This likely reflects its lack of prominence both in Galilee and in Judaea.”[39] Strange originally calculated the population of Nazareth at the time of Christ to be “roughly 1,600 to 2,000 people” but, in a subsequent publication, revised this figure down to “a maximum of about 480.”[40] In 2009 Israeli archaeologist Yardenna Alexandre excavated archaeological remains in Nazareth that might date to the time of Jesus in the early Roman period. Alexandre told reporters, “The discovery is of the utmost importance since it reveals for the very first time a house from the Jewish village of Nazareth.”[41]
From the following [42] verse in the Gospel of Luke:[And they led Jesus] to the brow of the hill on which their city was built, that they might throw him down headlong.[Lk. 4:29]
The Gospel of Luke suggests that ancient Nazareth was built on the hillside. Historic Nazareth was essentially constructed in the valley; the windy hilltops in the vicinity have only been occupied since the construction of Nazareth Illit in 1957. From the ninth century CE tradition associated Christ’s evasion of the attempt on his life to the ‘Hill of the Leap’ (Jabal al-Qafza) overlooking the Jezreel Plain, some 3 km (2 mi) south of Nazareth.[43]
A Scholar who exposes that Nazareth coverups and frauds by Church Archaeology - http://www.nazarethmyth.info/ 
Nazareth village shown is not on Hill valley as per Luke and was never occupied, gospel story writers did not know Geography at all. 

Gospel story writers bring as Prophecy when no such is avaialble.

Matthew 2:21  21 And he rose and took the child and his mother and went to the land of Israel. 22 But when he heard that Herod Archelaus was reigning over Judea in place of his father Herod, he was afraid to go there, and being warned in a dream he withdrew to the district of Galilee. 23 And he went and lived in a city called Nazareththat what was spoken by the prophets might be fulfilled: “He shall be called a Nazarene.”
The nature of Matthew’s Pesher is best illustrated by 2:23, which states that Jesus settled down in Nazareth  “that what was spoken by the Prophets might be fulfilled, ” namely “HE” SHOULD BE CALLED A NAZARENE”; now here is the Old Testament we do not have such a statement. Page -16; Companion to New Testament- K.Luke.
 Galilee was ruled by Herod Antipals that means this claim fear of Son of Herod -reason is more Fictious.

TOMB OF JESUS: 

Luke 24:1 Very early Sunday morning, the women came to the tomb. 
They went in ...4. ..While they were wondering about it, two men in shining clothes stood beside them.  10 These women were Mary Magdalene, Joanna, Mary, the mother of James, and some others.  
Is it a HOTEL ROOM or a Tomb - accomadating atleast 5 + few more
 Theudas tales in ACTS. 
Acts 5:36 For before these days Theudas rose up, claiming to be somebody, and a number of men, about four hundred, joined him. He was killed, and all who followed him were dispersed and came to nothing. 37 After him Judas the Galilean rose up in the days of the census and drew away some of the people after him. He too perished, and all who followed him were scattered.
Jewish Antiquities 20.97-98- It came to pass, while Cuspius Fadus was procurator of Judea, that a certain charlatan, whose name was Theudas, persuaded a great part of the people to take their effects with them, and follow him to the Jordan river; for he told them he was a prophet, and that he would, by his own command, divide the river, and afford them an easy passage over it. Many were deluded by his words. However, Fadus did not permit them to make any advantage of his wild attempt, but sent a troop of horsemen out against them. After falling upon them unexpectedly, they slew many of them, and took many of them alive. They also took Theudas alive, cut off his head, and carried it to Jerusalem.
Cuspius Fadus was ruling Judea between 44-46, the event in Acts must have happened in 36CE and next line saying Judas the Galilean came later all are big Historical errors.
JOHN the Baptist death as per Josephus 
Josephus-Antiquities 18.5.2 116-119 -     Now some of the Jews thought that the destruction of Herod's army came from God, and was a very just punishment for what he did against John called the baptist  [the dipper]. For Herod had him killed, although he was a good man and had urged the Jews to exert themselves to virtue, both as to justice toward one another and reverence towards God, and having done so join together in washing. For  immersion in water, it was clear to him, could not be used for the forgiveness of sins, but as a sanctification of the body, and only if the soul was already thoroughly purified by right actions. And when others massed about him, for they were very greatly moved by his words, Herod, who feared that such strong influence over the people might carry to a revolt -- for they seemed ready to do any thing he should advise -- believed it much better to move now than later have it raise a rebellion and engage him in actions he would regret.
    And so John, out of Herod's suspiciousness, was sent in chains to Machaerus, the fort previously mentioned, and there put to death; but it was the opinion of the Jews that out of retribution for John; God willed the destruction of the army so as to afflict Herod. 
Josephus  says (this passage was quoted by Church father Origen) that in 36CE, Herod Antipas was punished for arresting and killing of John recently. 
GOPEL TALES SAY JOHN THE BAPTIST DIED Before JESUS who as per data died around 30CE. .
 a) Gospel Story Composers has no direct knowledge about Jesus or any eye witness accounts.  
b) Gospel Story Composers did not know the Geography of Israel.
Gospel tales are written for religons purposes for converting and make money (as Paul says openly to contribute to him), has no historical basis and Manuscripts do not give any confidence to a True and Neutral Gentleman.

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