அயோத்தி ராமர் கோவில், காசி & மதுரா கோவில்களை எழுப்புவதே தேசிய சக்தி- வரலாற்றாசிரியர் ஆர்நால்ட் டோயின்பி

 In his book One World and India (Azad Memorial Lectures), historian Sir Arnold Toynbee notes that Aurangzeb’s purpose in building the three mosques—Ayodhya, Kashi and Mathura—was political, not religious. He says that by building these mosques, Aurangzeb was trying to proclaim to the world that Islam was “reigning supreme.”

https://www.facebook.com/groups/419166349367441/posts/800776747873064/

Toynbee compares Aurangzeb’s act of building the three mosques with the Russian act of building an Orthodox Church in the center of Warsaw when they occupied Poland in 1914-15. As soon as the Russian army withdrew and Poland became independent, the Poles pulled down the Russian Church.

Here’s an excerpt from Toynbee’s book:

“Some vivid visual memories have been flashing up in the mind’s eye. One of these is the picture of the principal square in the Polish city of Warsaw sometime in the late nineteen twenties. In the course of the first Russian occupation of Warsaw (1914-1915), the Russians had built an Eastern Orthodox Christian cathedral on this central spot in the city that had been the capital of the once independent Roman Catholic Christian country Poland. The Russians had done this to give the Poles a continuous ocular demonstration that the Russians were their masters. After re-establishment of Poland’s independence in 1918, the Poles pulled this cathedral down. The demolition had been completed just before the date of my visit. I do not greatly blame the Polish government for having pulled down that Russian church. The purpose for which the Russians had built it had been not religious but political, and the purpose had also been intentionally offensive…”

“Aurangzeb’s purpose in building those three mosques (Ayodhya, Kashi and Mathura) was the same intentionally offensive political purpose that moved the Russians to build their Orthodox cathedral in the city centre at Warsaw. Those mosques were intended to signify that an Islamic government was reigning supreme, even over Hinduism’s holiest of holy places. I must say that Aurangzeb had a veritable genius for picking out provocative sites. Aurangzeb and Philip II of Spain are a pair. They are incarnations of the gloomily fanatical vein in the Christian-Muslim-Jewish family of religions. Aurangzeb – poor wretched misguided bad man – spent a lifetime of hard labour in raising massive monuments to his own discredit. Perhaps the Poles were really kinder in destroying the Russians’ self-discrediting monument in Warsaw than you have been in sparing Aurangzeb’s mosques.”

Toynbee died in 1975. He had a good knowledge of India’s history and ancient culture. He believed that the moral and spiritual values of Hinduism were the finest. Had he been living today, then, like V. S. Naipaul, he would have cheered the building of the Ram Temple, at Ram Janmabhoomi in Ayodhya, as a sign of Hinduism finally asserting itself in the land where this religion was founded more than 4000 years ago. ~Anoop Verma

https://www.rammadhav.in/articles/ayodhya-is-for-ayuddha-non-war-and-peace-communities/

1960 ஆம் ஆண்டு டெல்லியில் ICCR ஆல் நடத்தப்பட்ட மௌலானா ஆசாத் நினைவு சொற்பொழிவை நிகழ்த்திய டோய்ன்பீ, போலந்து தலைநகர் வார்சாவில் 1893 ஆம் ஆண்டு ரஷ்யர்களால் கட்டப்பட்ட அலெக்சாண்டர் நெவ்ஸ்கி கதீட்ரல் என்ற ஆர்த்தடாக்ஸ் கதீட்ரலைப் பற்றி குறிப்பிட்டார்.

"அதன் இருப்பு மூலம் ரஷ்ய ஆர்த்தடாக்ஸ் சர்ச் விஸ்டுலாவை ஒட்டிய மேற்கு நிலப்பரப்புகளில், வலிமைமிக்க ஆர்த்தடாக்ஸ் ஆட்சி வேரூன்றியுள்ளது என்பதை உலகிற்கு அறிவிக்கிறது" என்று, அந்த கதீட்ரலின் கட்டுமானம் குறித்து ஜார் அலெக்சாண்டர் III இன் சான்சலரி எழுதியது. முதலாம் உலகப் போருக்குப் பிறகு போலந்து மக்கள் ஜார் ஆட்சியிலிருந்து வெளியேறியபோது, ​​அவர்கள் 1924 ஆம் ஆண்டு கதீட்ரலை உடனடியாக இடித்து, அந்தக் கட்டமைப்பை ஒரு மத நினைவுச்சின்னமாக அல்ல, மாறாக ரஷ்ய ஆக்கிரமிப்பின் சின்னமாகக் கூறினர். டோய்ன்பீ அயோத்தி, மதுரா மற்றும் காசியில் உள்ள மசூதிகளை வார்சாவில் உள்ள கதீட்ரலுடன் ஒப்பிட்டு, "வார்சாவில் ரஷ்யர்களின் சுய-இழிவுபடுத்தும் நினைவுச்சின்னத்தை அழிப்பதில் போலந்து மக்கள் மிகவும் கனிவானவர்கள்" என்று இந்தியர்களை கேலி செய்தார்.

அர்னால்ட் ஜோசப் டாயின்பீ பிரிட்டனைச் சேர்ந்த நூலாசிரியர், வரலாற்றாசிரியர் ஆவார். லண்டனில் பிறந்த அர்னால்ட் டாயின்பீ 1950-60களில் பரவலாக அறியப்பட்டவர். இவர் எழுதிய வரலாற்றாய்வு என்னும் நூல் 12 மடலங்களைக் கொண்டது. உழைக்கும் மக்களின் நலன்களை உயர்த்த எழுதிய அறிஞர் என்றும் பாராட்டப்படுபவர்.

Historian and eminent writer Arnold Toynbee had said 'presence' of controversial Mosques in Mathura, Varanasi and Ayodhya were "insult" to Bharat

Arnold Joseph Toynbee (Born 14th April 1889, expired October 22, 1975) was an English historian of repute.

He had argued eloquently that in 1817, when the Russians conquered Warsaw, they converted the city’s main church from a Catholic to an Orthodox place of worship, merely to humiliate the Poles. 

When in 1918 Russia had lost in World War I and Poland became independent, the Poles retaliated by demolishing the Orthodox church and replacing it with a Roman Catholic one. 

Toynbee's argument was that in either case these were done for 'national honour'. 

Toynbee



In 1960 he had come to New Delhi to deliver the Maulana Azad Memorial Lecture, he was surprise over the fact that Aurangzeb’s mosque in Varanasi was still there. He felt that it should have been removed and illustrated the issue with a Polish-Russian example.

According to right wing intellectual S Gurumurthy, there were three convergent factors which powered the Ayodhya movement.

He told Times Now in an interview - these factors included 'the invaders' provocative' symbols (the mosques) should never have been allowed to exit. In this context, he cited the instance of Toynbee's reference in the Maulana Azad Memorial Lecture and said, "he (Toynbee) recalled the Polish" government's move. 

Toynbee, according to Gurumuthy, had said three Mosques - Mathura, Kanshi (Varanasi) and Ayodhya symbolise the 'dominance' of Aurangzeb (Islamic) rule over India and it is a provocative monument.

"He (Toynbee) said it is an archaeological disturbance".

According to other experts too, Arnold Toynbee had said that he is "embarrassed and also ashamed" that you (India) still haven’t removed the name of Aurangzeb and the Mughals even after the partition, 

"....it’s an insult to your free state".

 Toynbee, delivering Maulana Azad Memorial Lecture hosted by the ICCR in Delhi in 1960, referred to an Orthodox Cathedral in the Polish capital Warsaw, called Alexander Nevsky Cathedral built in 1893 by the Russians.

“By its very presence the Russian Orthodox Church declares to the world that in the western terrains along the Vistula, mighty Orthodox rule has taken root”, wrote Tsar Alexander III’s chancellery about the construction of that Cathedral. When the Poles got out of the Tsar rule after the World War 1, they promptly demolished the cathedral in 1924 calling the structure not as a religious monument but as a symbol of Russian occupation. Toynbee equated mosques in Ayodhya, Mathura and Kashi with the cathedral in Warsaw and taunted Indians that “the Poles were really kinder in destroying the Russians’ self-discrediting monument in Warsaw than you have been sparing Aurangzeb’s mosques”.