Thursday, November 20, 2025

திருக்குறள் பல ஏடுகள், பல உரைகள், பல பதிப்புகள்

 திருக்குறள் இன்று நம்மிடம் வரும் போது முப்பால் தவிர இயல் பிரித்து வருகின்றன, இவை பெரும்பாலும் மு.வ. அமைப்பை பின்பற்றுகின்றன.



இதில் அறத்துப் பாலும் காமத்துப் பாலும் பரிமேலழகர் பிரிப்பை ஒட்டி உள்ளது. பொருட்பால் காளிங்கர் உரையை அல்லது சற்று மாற்றமோடு வருகின்றன.

DutchD. KatThirukural (Selections)Netherlands1964Selections
15EnglishNathaniel Edward KindersleySpecimens of Hindoo LiteratureLondon (W. Bulmer and Co.)1794Selections—VerseMade the first ever translation of the Kural text into English in a chapter titled 'Extracts from the Teroo-Vaulaver Kuddul, or, The Ocean of Wisdom' in his book Specimens of Hindoo Literature[33]Not translated.
Francis Whyte EllisThirukural on Virtue (in verse) with CommentaryMadras1812 (reprint 1955)Selections—MixedIncomplete translation—only 120 couplets translated, 69 in verse and 51 in proseNot translated
William Henry DrewThe Cural of Thiruvalluvar with Commentary of ParimelazhakarMadurai (American Mission Press)1840Partial—ProseTranslated only the first 630 coupletsHow can he be possessed of kindness, who, to increase his own flesh, eats the flesh of other (creatures)?
Charles E. GoverOdes from the Kural (Folksongs of South India)Madras (Higginbothams)1872Selections–VerseReprinted in 1981 by Gian Publications, Delhi
Edward Jewitt RobinsonTamil WisdomLondon (Paternoster Row)1873Partial—VerseTranslated only Books I and II (1080 couplets)What graciousness by those is shown
Who feed with others' flesh their own?
William Henry Drew, and John LazarusThirukural (in verses)Madras1885Partial—ProseLazarus revised Drew's work and translated the remaining portion (couplets 631 to 1330) in prose as done by Drew, thus making the incomplete work of Drew a complete one.How can he be possessed of kindness, who, to increase his own flesh, eats the flesh of other (creatures)?
George Uglow PopeA Collection of the English Translation of ThirukuralMadras1886Complete—VerseFirst complete translation in English by a single authorHow can the wont of 'kindly grace' to him be known,
Who other creatures' flesh consumes to feed his own?

August Friedrich CaemmererThirukural waith German TranslationLeipzig1803Wie kann er zutreffendes Mitleid üben, das das Fleisch eines Tieres ißt,
um sein eigenes Fleisch zu mästen?
Friedrich RückertThirukural, SelectionsBerlin1847Selections
Karl GraulDer Kural des Tiruvalluver. Ein gnomisches Gedicht über die drei Strebeziele des Menschen.London (William & Norgate) and Leipzig (F. A. Brockhaus)[42]1856CompletePublished as the third volume (220 pages) of the four-volume work Bibliotheca Tamulica sive Opera Praecipia TamuliensiumWer, das eigne Fleisch zu mehren, fremdes Fleisch geniesst, — wie wird Der der Huld pflegen?
Fenz Albrecht and K. LalithambalThirukural von Thiruvalluvar aus dem TamilMadurai1877Ißt jemand Fleisch von anderen Kreaturen, um sein eigenes Fleisch zu vermehren – wie kann er Gnade erlangen?


LatinConstanzo BeschiThirukural (Books I and II)London1730Partial—ProseQui ut sua caro pinguoscat, alienas carnes comedit quinam eum
viveutibus lenitatem et clementiam exercere dicetur?
Karl GraulKural of Tiruvalluver. High-Tamil Text with Translation into Common Tamil and Latin, Notes and GlossaryTranquebar1865Published as the fourth volume (348 pages) of the four-volume work Bibliotheca Tamulica sive Opera Praecipia TamuliensiumQui ut suam earnem augeat, alienas carnes comedit, quomo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tirukkural_translations
TeluguVenkatrama SrividyanandaswamiTrivarga DipikaNellore1877
Sakkam Narasimhalu NaiduTrivargamu1892Partial

I. V. Ramaswamy IyerMalayalathil KuralTrivandrum1595First ever translation of the Kural text in any language.
Perunazhi Krishna VaidhyanKuralTrivandrum1863Partly translated. Republished in 1894.[44]
Azhakathu KurupThirukural in VersesTrivandrum1875Verse
A. Govinda PillaiThirukuralTrivandrum1899Translation currently unavailable





AnonymousKural de Thiruvalluvar, SelectionsParis1767Selections
E. S. ArielKural de Thiruvalluvar (Traduits du Tamoul)Paris1848Selections
P. G. de Dumast1854
Pierre-Eugène LamairesseThirukural in FrenchPondicherry1867
Louis JacolliotParis (A Lacroix)1876
G. Barrigue de FontainieuLe Livre de l'amour de ThiruvalluvaParis (Lemerre)1889
Julien VinsonPondicherry1893

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